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KMID : 1812820190030020031
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Journal of Korean Dental Hygiene Science
2019 Volume.3 No. 2 p.31 ~ p.37
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Effect of Various Support Surfaces on Activation of Tibialis Anterior, Peroneus Longus, and Gastrocnemius Muscles during Squat Performance
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Yoon Se-Ra
Kim Ji-Won
Song Da-Eun
Lee Bo-Ram
Lee Jung-Hyun
Kim Yong-Wook
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Abstract
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Background: Previous studies have reported various advantages of general squat for functional activities. However, no study has reported the effect of lower leg muscle activity during squat on ankle stability with different supporting surface conditions.
Purpose: To investigate the effect of various support surfaces on lower leg muscle activation during squat performance and identify an effective way to prevent ankle injuries by increasing ankle stability.
Study design: Cross-sectional study.
Methods: Twenty healthy adults were recruited to compare lower leg muscle activation during squat performance on various support surfaces. Electromyographic activity was measured for tibialis anterior (TA), peroneus longus (PL), medial gastrocnemius (GCM), and lateral GCM muscles. Lower leg muscle activity during squat performance was calculated using mean value measured three times on each support surface. Repeated 3 × 2 two-way ANOVA measurements (surface conditions × leg sides) with Bonferroni’s correction was used to compare lower leg muscle activity from both sides on various support surfaces during squat exercise.
Results: TA muscle activity during squat performance under balance pad (BP) condition was significantly greater than that under togu (TG) condition (p<0.05). PL muscle activity during squat performance was significantly greater under bottom floor (BF) condition than that under BP or TG condition (p<0.05). Medial GCM muscle activity during squat performance was significantly greater under BP condition than that under BF or TG condition (p<0.05). TA and medial GCM muscle activities were the highest under BP condition, followed by those under BF and TG conditions. PL and lateral GCM muscle activities were the highest under BF condition, followed by those under BP and TG conditions.
Conclusions: For anteroposterior muscles of the lower leg, squat exercise needs to be performed on a slightly unstable support surface such as a BP. For lateral muscles of the lower leg, squat exercise needs to be performed on stable support surface such as BF.
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KEYWORD
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Lower leg muscles, Muscle activation, Support surface, Squat performance
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